Macam-Macam Future Tenses Serta Rumus & Fungsinya

Table of Contents

Simple Future

    Khusus Simple Future Tense ada 2 bentuk utama yang berbeda fungsi yaitu :

- Will

• Keputusan spontan saat bicara
• Prediksi tanpa bukti kuat
• Janji, tawaran atau permintaan

- Going to

• Menyatakan rencana atau niat di masa depan yang sudah dipikirkan sebelumnya
• Prediksi berdasarkan bukti nyata

Pernyataan Positif

S + will + V1 [Will Verbal]

S + am/is/are + going to + V1 + Complement [Going to Verbal]

S + will be + Noun/Adj/Adverb/Prepositional Phrase [Will Nominal]

S + is/am/are + going to + be + Noun/Adj/Adverb [Going to Nominal]

• I am going to study tonight
• I will eat
• She is going to eat
• I think it will rain
• I'm thirsty. I will get some water
• I will help you
• I will be a teacher [Noun]
• She will be happy [Adjective]
• They will be at home [Prepostional Phrase]
• The weather will be cold [Adj]
• Look at the clouds! It is going to rain
• They are going to be at home
• He is going to be a doctor
• She is going to be happy

Pernyataan Negatif

S + will not (won't) + V1 [Will Verbal]

S + is/am/are + not + going to + V1 [Going to Verbal]

S + will not + be + Complement [Will Nominal]

S + is/am/are + not + going to + be + Complement [Going to Nominal]

• I won't eat
• She will not go
• She is not going to eat
• She is not going to be a teacher
• They are not going to be here
• I'm not going to be busy
• I'm not going to eat
• She is not going to go
• They are not going to study

Pertanyaan Positif

Will + S + V1 ? [Will Verbal]

Is/Am/Are + S + going to + V1 ? [Going to Verbal]

Will + S + be + Complement ? [Will Nominal]

Is/Am/Are + S + going to + be + Complement ? [Going to Nominal]

• Will you open the door?
• Will you eat?
• Is she going to eat?
• Are they going to be here?
• Is he going to be happy?
  
• Are you going to study?
• Is he going to leave?
  
• Will she be happy?
• Will he be a teacher?
  
• Will they be at home?
  
• Will they help us?
  
• Will she come?

Pertanyaan Negatif

Will + S + not + V1 ? [Will Verbal]

Wont's + S + V1 ? [Will Verbal]

Will + S + not + be + Complement ? [Will Nominal]

Won't + S + be + Complement ? [Will Nominal]

Is/Am/Are + S + not + going to + V1 ? [going to Verbal]

Aren't / Isn't + S + going to + V1 ? [going to Verbal]

Is/Am/Are + S + not + going to + be + Complement ? [going to nominal]

Isn't / Aren't + S + going to + be + Complement ? [going to nominal]

• Will you not eat?
• Won't you eat?
• Will she not be happy?
• Won't she be happy?
• Is she not going to be a teacher?
• Isn't she going to be a teacher?
• Are they not going to be here?
• Aren't they going to be here?
• Is she not going to eat?
• Isn't she going to eat?
• Are you not going to come?
  
• Aren't you going to come

Future Continuous

• Menyatakan kegiatan yang sedang berlansung di waktu tertentu di masa depan
• Kegiatan yang berjalan paralel di masa depan
• Menunjukkan rencana yang pasti (lebih halus daripada 'will')
• Menanyakan rencana yang sopan

* Tidak ada bentuk Nominalnya karena wajib memakai Verb-ing

Pernyataan Positif

S + will be + V-ing

• At 9 PM tomorrow, I will be studying
• They will be working while we are sleeping
• I will be visiting your office next week
• I will be working tomorrow
• I will be studying tonight

Pernyataan Negatif

S + will not be + V-ing

• I will not be studying tonight
• She won't be sleeping at 10 PM

Pertanyaan Positif

Will + S + be + V-ing ?

• Will you be joining us tonight?
• Will they be coming later?
• Will you be studying tonight?

Pertanyaan Negatif

Will + S + not + be + V-ing ?

Won't + S + be + V-ing ?

• Will you not be coming
• Won't you be coming

Future Perfect

• Kegiatan yang sudah selesai sebelum waktu tertentu di masa depan
• Memprediksi penyelesaian
• Menegaskan urutan waktu (mana yang selesai duluan)

* Ada bentuk Nominal tapi sangat jarang, tapi bisa menggunakan 'been'

Pernyataan Positif

S + will have + V3 [Verbal]

S + will have been + Noun/Adjective/Prepositional Phrase [Nominal]

• By 2026, I will have graduated
• She will have finished the report by this evening
• By the you arrive, I will have left
• By next year, she will have been a doctor for 10 years
• He will have been our leader for a decade
• She will have been a doctor for 10 years

Pernyataan Negatif

S + will not have + V3 [Verbal]

S + will not have been + Complement [Nominal]

• She will not have finished the homework
• He won't have finished the homework
• She will not (won't) have been a doctor for 10 years

Pertanyaan Positif

Will + S + have + V3 ? [Verbal]

Will + S + have been + Complement ? [Nominal]

• Will she have finished the homework?
• Will she have been a doctor for 10 years?

Pertanyaan Negatif

Will + S + not + have + V3 ? [Verbal]

Won't + S + have + V3 ? [Verbal]

Will + S + not + have been + Complement ? [Nominal]

Won't + S + have been + Complement ? [Nominal]

• Will she not have finished the homework?
• Won't he have finished the homework?
• Will she not have been a doctor for 10 years?

Future Perfect Continuous

• Menunjukkan durasi kegiatan yang telah berlangsung hingga waktu tertentu di masa depan
• Menekankan lamanya kegiatan non-stop
• Menerangkan proses yang dimulai di masa sekarang dan terus berlanjut hingga masa depan

* Tidak ada bentuk nominalnya karena wajib pakai Verb-ing

Pernyataan Positif

S + will have been + V-ing

• By next month, I will have been working here for 2 years
• He will have been studying for 5 hours by midnight
• They will have been traveling since morning
• I will have been working for 6 hours
• She will have been studying for 3 hours
• They will have been working since morning

Pernyataan Negatif

S + will not have been + V-ing

• She will not have been studing for 3 hours
• He won't have been studying for 4 hours

Pertanyaan Positif

Will + S + have been + V-ing ?

• Will she have been studying for 3 hours?

Pertanyaan Negatif

Will + S + not + have been + V-ing ?

Won't + S + have been + V-ing ?

• Will she not have been studying for 3 hours?
• Won't he have been studying for 4 hours?

Quiz Practice

• Rumus simple future
• Pernyataan positif
• Pernyataan negatif
• Pertanyaan positif
• Pertanyaan negatif
• Rumus future continuous
• Pernyataan positif
• Pernyataan negatif
• Pertanyaan positif
• Pertanyaan negatif
• Rumus future perfect
• Pernyataan positif
• Pernyataan negatif
• Pertanyaan positif
• Pertanyaan negatif
• Rumus future perfect continuous
• Pernyataan positif
• Pernyataan negatif
• Pertanyaan positif
• Pertanyaan negatif

1. She _____ her grandmother tomorrow.

• visits
• visited
• will visit
• visiting

2. At 8 p.m. tonight, they _____ for the exam.

• will be studying
• study
• studied
• have studied

3. By next month, I _____ the project.

• finish
• will have finished
• will finishing
• finished

4. By 2028, she _____ at this company for ten years.

• will have been working
• works
• worked
• will work

5. Look at those clouds! It _____ soon.

• rains
• rained
• is going to rain
• raining

Fill in the Blanks

6. We __________ (travel) to Bali next week.

7. This time tomorrow, I __________ (fly) to Singapore.

8. By the time you arrive, they __________ (leave).

9. By next June, he __________ (study) English for five years.

10. She __________ (not / come) to the party tomorrow.

Answer Key

1. will visit
2. will be studying
3. will have finished
4. will have been working
5. is going to rain
6. will travel
7. will be flying
8. will have left
9. will have been studying
10. will not (won't) come

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