Ringkasan Macam-Macam Tenses (Bentuk Waktu)

Table of Contents

    Dalam mendalami teori-teori bahasa Inggris, kita akan menghadapi banyak konsep yang masih terdengar asing, terutama bagi para pelajar pemula. Salah satunya yang harus diketahui adalah seputar 'Tenses', dalam konteks bahasa Indonesia 'Tenses' adalah bentuk waktu yang terkandung dalam suatu kalimat. Pembagian Tenses dalam bahasa Inggris dibagi berdasarkan waktu terjadinya suatu kejadian menjadi 3; Present (masa kini), Past (masa lampau) dan Future (masa depan). Masing-masing dari 3 itu mempunyai 4 sub bentuk Tenses sehingga total keseluruhannya ada 12 Tenses utama, keterangan lebih detail bisa temen-temen hafalkan pada uraian di bawah ini.

1. Present Tense

1. Simple Present (S + V1 atau S + V1s/es) seperti contoh :
• She reads a book (Dia membaca buku)
• I go to school every morning (Saya pergi ke sekolah setiap pagi)
• She drinks coffee every day (Dia minum kopi setiap hari)
• We study English at home (Kita belajar bahasa Inggris di rumah)
2. Present Continuous (S + am/is/are + V-ing) seperti :
• She is reading a book (Dia sedang membaca buku)
3. Present Perfect (S+ have/has + V3) seperti :
• She has finished her homework (Dia sudah menyelesaikan PR-nya)
• I have visited Bali twice (Saya sudah mengunjungi Bali 2 kali)
4. Present Perfect Continuous (S + have/has + been + V-ing) seperti contoh :
• They have been waiting for an hour (Mereka sudah menunggu selama 1 jam)
• He has been studying all day (Dia sudah belajar seharian)

2. Past Tense

1. Simple Past (S + V2) seperti :
• I visited my grandparents yesterday (Saya mengunjungi kakek-nenek kemarin)
• She went to school this morning (Dia pergi ke sekolah pagi ini)
2. Past Continuous (S + was/were + V-ing) seperti pada contoh :
• They were playing football at 4 pm (Mereka sedang bermain sepak bola pukul 4 sore)
• I was reading when you called (Saya sedang membaca ketika kamu menelepon)
3. Past Perfect (S + had + V3) seperti contoh :
• She had left before I arrived (Dia sudah pergi sebelum saya tiba)
• I had eaten dinner when he came (Saya sudah makan malam saat dia datang)
4. Past Perfect Continuous (S + had + been + V-ing) seperti contoh :
• They had been working for two hours before the boss came (Mereka sudah kerja selama 2 jam sebelum bos datang)
• I had been sleeping when the storm started (Saya sudah tidur ketika badai mulai)

3. Future Tense

1. Simple Future (S + will/shall + V1) contohnya seperti :
• I will go to the market tomorrow (Saya akan pergi ke pasar besok)
• She will call you later (Dia akan meneleponmu nanti)
• We shall go to the cinema together (Kita akan pergi ke bioskop bersama)
• I shall drink water (Saya akan minum air)
2. Future Continuous (S + will be + Ving) seperti :
• I will be studying at 8 pm tonight (Saya akan sedang belajar pukul 8 malam)
• They will be traveling next week (Mereka akan sedang bepergian minggu depan)
3. Future Perfect (S + will have + V3) seperti :
• I will have finished my homework by 9 pm (Saya akan sudah menyelesaikan PR sebelum pukul 9 malam)
• She will have graduated next year (Dia akan sudah lulus tahun depan)
4. Future Perfect Continuous (S + will have been + Ving) contohnya :
• By next month, I will have been working here for 5 years (Bulan depan, saya akan sudah bekerja di sini selama 5 tahun)
• She will have been studying English for 2 hours by noon (Menjelang siang, dia akan sudah belajar bahasa Inggris selama 2 jam)

Practice Questions

Simple Present Tense

1. She ___ to school every day.

• go
• bgoes
• went
• will go

2. They ___ football on Sundays.

• play
• played
• will play
• plays

3. My father ___ coffee every morning.

• drink
• drank
• drinks
• will drink

B. Simple Past Tense

4. We ___ to the beach last week.

• go
• goes
• went
• will go

5. He ___ his homework yesterday.

• finishes
• finished
• finish
• will finish

6. I ___ a good movie last night.

• see
• sees
• saw
• will see

C. Simple Future Tense

7. She ___ her grandmother tomorrow.

• visits
• visited
• will visit
• visiting

8. We ___ a new car next year.

• buy
• bought
• buys
• will buy

9. They ___ the project next month.

• complete
• completed
• will complete
• completes

D. Mix

10. Look at those clouds! It ___ soon.

• rains
• rained
• will rain
• raining

11. Last year, my brother ___ in Jakarta.

• lives
• lived
• will live
• living

12. Sarah usually ___ her room before breakfast.

• cleaned
• clean
• cleans
• will clean

13. I think we ___ the match tomorrow.

• win
• won
• wins
• will win

Kunci Jawaban

1. goes
2. play
3. drinks
4. went
5. finished
6. saw
7. will visit
8. will buy
9. will complete
10. will rain (future tense)
11. lived (past tense)
12. cleans (present tense)
13. will win (future tense)

Sekian dan Semoga bermanfaat 🌟